A Crash Course in Biology

A Crash Course in BiologyIf you have ever dreamed of being a biologist, but you've never taken a biology class, you may find yourself in for quite a shock. A crash course biology would give you a first hand lesson on what makes our bodies work. Just take it from someone who has studied it all.Organic chemistry is the study of materials and properties that make up the physical world. One of the topics that most people take in college is organic chemistry. Most students may not be familiar with the idea of using heredity as an example for something that is learned in organic chemistry. A crash course in heredity may help people to understand a little bit more about the fact that things are built by genes.When people think of genetics, they think of genes that control the ability to reproduce themselves, so to speak. They think of a group of people that might be subject to diseases or retardation, but when people talk about heredity, they might think of people having traits passed down to them. Heredity is a term that is used to refer to traits, traits that are passed down from generation to generation.Race is defined as ethnicity. People that come from different parts of the world have different races. Some of the most common traits that people will tell you are passed down genetically include eye color, hair color, body type, and skin type.Chemists have explained the basic molecules that are responsible for the formation of life. This is how heredity makes it possible for us to look at certain things and understand them.The classic example of heredity is how yellow people are made to look. Everyone that has lived on this planet can see how a mutation in a gene can lead to an orange skin. The genes that decide how a person looks are genetic and a person that has a certain mutation in their genes could have a completely different skin color than another person. People do not look in the mirror and wonder why they don't look like a certain celebrity, because they a lready know the answer.If you have ever been interested in getting into a biology class, you may be surprised by how much biology has to do with the way that you look and the way that you act. When you find out how much of a crash course in heredity you can take, you will find that this is something that will help you become more successful. Don't wait until you have to go back to school, try and get your class started as soon as possible.

Flirting in French 25 Phrases You Need To Know

Flirting in French 25 Phrases You Need To Know Sign up successful The French are quite reserved, and while there are some pick up lines listed here, you will rarely hear them. In fact, some are simply funny sayings you’ll hear among your friends. Others are more like compliments that you can use with a partner or spouse. Check out this video to learn more and then keep scrolling for more French pick up lines! Remember: the French like to be respected and they want their partners to act natural. So if you find someone attractive, your best bet is to forget the cheesy pick up lines and be yourself. But enough about culture, here are our top 25 flirtatious phrases and sayings! Est-ce que ton père a été un voleur? Parce qu’il a volé les étoiles du ciel pour les mettre dans tes yeux. This is a classic French pick up line that is rarely used, unless you want to make someone laugh! It translates to, “Is your father a thief? Because he stole the stars from the sky to put into your eyes.”   T’as dbeaux yeux, tu sais? This French pick up lines means, “You have pretty eyes, you know?” It’s actually a famous reference from the French film, “Le Quai des Brumes.”   J’ai eu un coup de foudre! In French, “le coup de foudre” literally means a strike of lightning, but it can also mean, “love at first sight.” So this phrase is another way of saying, “I fell head over heels.” Romantic French phrases like this one are sure to melt hearts! Tu veux sortir avec moi? This phrase means, “Do you want to go out with me?” But be careful, as it can be used romantically or simply among friends!   Si on prenait un verre un de ces quatres? Use this phrase if you want to invite someone for a drink. It literally means, “What if we grabbed a drink one of these days?”   Je t’apprécie. The verb apprécier generally means “to appreciate (someone or something).” However when you use it in this way, it means “I like you” or “I have a crush on you.”   Tu me manques. Contrary to what you might think, this phrase actually means, “I miss you”! It literally translates to, “You are missing from me.”   Embrasse-moi! Simple, straightforward and to-the-point, this French phrase means, “Kiss me!”   Je t’aime. The verb aimer can mean either “to like” or “to love.” But if you want to say “I love you” to your special someone, you’d use this phrase.   Je suis tombé amoureux. Someone swept you off your feet? This phrase is how you say, “I fell in love,” if you’re a man.   Je suis tombée amoureuse.   If you’re a woman who’s fallen in love, use this version of the above phrase. Un beau gosse.   “Un beau gosse” is one of the cute French sayings you’d use to describe a good-looking guy, or a hunk.” The French use this all the time with their partners, or jokingly among friends. Tu es beau.   Simply put, “Tu es beau” or “T’es beau” means, “You are handsome.” Saying compliments in French is an easy way to get someones attention! Une belle gosse.   Similar to “Un beau gosse,” this is a phrase to describe a good-looking girl. Tu es très jolie.     This is a phrase that can be said to a woman to tell her that she looks pretty. Je te trouve belle.   This phrase literally translates to, “I find you beautiful,” and it’s interchangeable with the one above. T’es canon, toi!   You can never go wrong with compliments in French. This expression means, “You’re hot!” You can say it as a joke or when you really mean it, and it can be used for either a male or female.   Mon amour.   Use this phrase as a pet name for a partner, meaning “My love.” This one can also be used for both men and women. Mon chéri.   This is a cute saying for your male partner that means, “My dear.” Ma chérie.   This version of the above pet name can be used for the special lady in your life. Ma belle.   Another adorable name to call your girlfriend or wife, this phrase means, “My beautiful one.” RELATED: 15 French Greetings French Pick Up Lines to Avoid Now, in France it’s common also to hear the phrases below. However, be forewarned: these are some of the worst ways to flirt in French. These phrases are quite rude and not very well accepted. You should avoid using these catcalls, but be aware of their meanings! Ma’moiselle! This is like saying “Hey miss!” Oftentimes, it’s yelled out while a woman is walking on the street, and it’s not generally acknowledged. Tu as un 06? In France, cell phone numbers begin with 06 (and now 07). So when someone asks this question, they’re asking if you have a phone number and hoping you’ll give it to them. Souris un peu. Another common catcall meaning “Smile a bit,” this is something French women generally don’t like to hear. T’es charmante. “You’re charming” is perfectly fine if you’re on a date, but it’s often something that is called out on the street, which women typically walk right past. Do you know any other cute French sayings, or phrases for flirting in French? Share them with us in the comments below! To work on your French accent so you can really nail these phrases like a native, check out the French classes online at TakeLessons Live. Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher Photo by  amira_a

Construct Parallel Lines

Construct Parallel Lines Parallel lines are the lines which never intersect. Construct parallel line means we have to construct two lines whose slope are equal. Construct a parallel line is the method to maintain the constant distance between the two lines so that they will never meet. Parallel Lines are constructed by the help of geometry rules. It can be constructed using scale, pencil and compass. Condition of parallel lines slope of first line m1 = slope of second line m2 Now we will see some examples in which we will proof those two lines are parallel. Example 1:- One line passes through the point (4, 4) and (8, 12) and another line passes through the point (2, 2) and (8, 14). Proof that the above two lines (if constructed) are parallel Solution: Given One line passes through (4, 4) and (8, 12) So the slope of first line is, m1 = (y2-y1)/ (x2-x1) = (12-4)/ (8 4) = 8/4 = 2 Therefore m1 = 2 Also given, another line passes through (2, 2) and (8, 14) Therefore the slope of second line is, m2 = (y2-y1)/ (x2-x1) = (14-2)/ (8-2) = 12/6 = 2 Therefore m2 = 2. Since slope of the two lines are equal that is m1 = m2 =2 Therefore the two lines are parallel. Example 2:- One line passes through the point (2, 2) and (4, 6) and another line passes through the point (3, 3) and (6, 9). Proof that the above two lines (if constructed) are parallel Solution: Given One line passes through (2, 2) and (4, 6) So the slope of first line is, m1 = (y2-y1)/ (x2-x1) = (6-2)/ (4 2) = 4/2 = 2 Therefore m1 = 2 Also given, another line passes through (3, 3) and (6, 9) Therefore the slope of second line is, m2 = (y2-y1)/ (x2-x1) = (9-3)/ (6-3) = 6/3 = 2 Therefore m2 = 2 Since slope of the two lines are equal that is m1 = m2 =2 Therefore the two lines are parallel.

Basic Pilates Exercises!

Basic Pilates Exercises! The Best Pilates For Beginners Videos To Get Into Shape ChaptersThe Most Popular Pilates Videos On YoutubeWhen Joseph Pilates invented Pilates, I bet that he had no idea about how well it would take off 100 years later. But I am sure that the knowledge would make him even more proud of his dedication to fitness and for inventing such an important and engaging total body workout program.If you have never tried Pilates, I urge you to give it a try, it has a slow and purposeful range of motion which focuses on strengthening, stability, sculpting and incorporating body alignment workouts. It is great for weight loss, body sculpting, mind and body connection. It has enough variations to suit everyone, including those with injuries, back pain, stiffness or extra weight.Pilates is the exercise that suits any level of flexibility and coordination. Beginner Pilates more so, as it really does guide you gently, encouraging the whole body to work together. If you are interested in getting active and think Pilates could be useful for you but don’t w ant to rush out sign up for classes at the gym. Then you can try Pilates at home, all that is required is that you know your own limits so that you don’t create injuries in your body.No need to buy an expensive Pilates DVD, you can practice Pilates for free by attending free pilates classes online. The internet is full of free and fantastic Pilates videos that can support your fitness goals. You can do a quick workout or longer workouts, but whichever kind of video you choose you will begin to feel the pilates benefits within the first few classes.To get you started, we have found 10 of the most popular pilates body workouts for beginners. Enjoy!Pilates motion which focuses on strengthening, stability, sculpting and incorporating body alignment workouts. Photo Source: Unsplash3 million views21 minutes longThis video is hosted by Kait Coats, she promises quick and painless workout routines for beginner exercises and jumps straight in with some on the mat work. She explains what you should be feeling and how to do it. She is very instructional about each movement and starts slowly then begins to speed up to build some heat in the body. As the video goes on it get more challenging, incorporating stretches for a balanced range of motion which is great for full body toning, especially shaping the legs arms and the core muscles ‘powerhouse’. The core exercises are quite challenging.I want to watch this video - Watch it Here Practice Pilates for free by attending free pilates classes online. Photo Source: UnsplashRelaxing Stretching Workout for Flexibility and Stress Relief - Full Body Yoga Pilates Blend900 thousand views35 minutes longThis video is hosted by Kelly, she greets us with a Pilates blend video that is focused on relaxation and aims to increase flexibility. Kelly uniquely primes us to releases any of our stresses and strains out of the lesson. She asks us to give ourselves this time to focus and enjoy the practice. She also lets us know that whateve r we can do is ok and that it is important not to push through pain to try to get results. This is a charming video where Kelly is really looking out for your wellbeing. She uses techniques from pilates and yoga  classes with great stretching postures to create a relaxing and stress relieving workout at home.I want to watch this video - Watch it Here Pilates for Beginners, Abs, Core, Butt, Cardio 30 Mins700 thousand views28 minutes longThis Pilates workout video is hosted by Angela, It is an old video but is pretty great, as she starts by telling us all about Pilates and the benefits that we can expect after practising, It is hard not to watch after that. She jumps right into guiding us in how to lie down in a neutral pelvis position she explains that the pubic bone and hip bone need to be in alignment and that we should not allow the lower back to the cave in. She reminds us all the way through about how to improve posture and proper breathing, so it makes it easy to gain the benef its of the workout. Angela is a great mindful instructor and has a traditional approach to those who prefer to learn Pilates from a very experienced teacher.I want to watch this video - Watch it Here Pilates for Beginners - Beginner Pilates Mat Exercises500 thousand views26 minutes longJessica Valant starts this video off with an introduction into why she loves pilates training and why it is essential to her as a teacher and trainer. She is passionate about helping people to become more aware of their own bodies. She loves the idea that once students develop body awareness, they will be able to shine and really take control of their lives not just in home fitness but in all corners of their lives. Uniting the body, mind and spirit which is one of the key principles of Pilates. Jessica's teaching style is very supportive, guiding and all you need to get started, she talks you through the routines but also reminds you of where to focus and highlights common mistakes and how to fix the m.I want to watch this video - Watch it Here Pilates for Older Women417 thousand views13 minutes longThis video is hosted by Amy Havens, who is a dedicated pilates instructor. She takes some time at the start of the video just to explain about the way you’re your body feels when you get older and how you can alleviate these sensations. She explains about proper breathing, and how to make sure that you are in the right position and what to do when you are not aligned. My favourite thing about this video though is that It has been created for older women and that it has a link to a Pilates for men video, that helps to break down any misconceptions that Pilates is just for women.I want to watch this video - Watch it Here I hope you enjoyed the list and they inspired you to get active with either Pilates or yoga classes. CarleyYoga Teacher 5.00 (5) £100/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors GenYoga Teacher £45/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JulieYoga Teacher £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LynnYoga Teacher 4.89 (9) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AliceYoga Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LauraYoga Teacher 5.00 (6) £70/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors UndramYoga Teacher £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LottieYoga Teacher £10/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors

Find Economics A-Levels Past Papers

Find Economics A-Levels Past Papers Where to Find Authentic A-Levels Past Papers ChaptersWhich Past Papers?AQA and Edexcel Economics Past PapersFinding Edexcel and AQA Past PapersSometimes, the best way to achieve the desired result is by watching a role model perform the task.To wit, babies develop skills by imitating their caregivers’ expressions and gestures, and ultimately their speech and movements, until they can walk and talk on their own.A child’s mimicking doesn’t stop there! Soon, little ones are simulating cleaning house, cooking and caring for their charges â€" even if those ‘babies’ are made of plastic and/or plush.This phenomenon exists at all levels of society: primary school teachers hold exemplary students’ conduct as the standard for others’ behaviour (everybody, do as Dylan is doing!), workers study successful colleagues to copy what they do right or well, and even parents borrow from their peers.In the case of academia, the same effect is realised by reviewing former students’ efforts.If you are planning to sit your A-Levels in Economics, looking at past papers is a vital step in your preparations.You should also study the exam’s syllabus!Not only will you get an idea of the format and the type of questions you could expect to see, but you can use them to test your knowledge and build your confidence so that you too will be able to complete the exam within the prescribed time limit.Going over past papers helps to define your study strong points, and where your knowledge base still needs a little work.Suppose that, in all of your exam fervour, you are unaware that you have principles of macroeconomics nailed but are struggling in microeconomic theory.Reviewing past exams, you may find that you breeze right through the sections dealing with macroeconomics while the questions that address microeconomics sends you back to your textbooks and notes for possible clues to the correct answer.An essential competency of being an economist is being able to conduct quantitative analysis.In subjecting your stores of knowledge in economic theory to such scrutiny, you will soon realise that you could forgo any further macroeconomic review and focus on that which you do not yet have mastered â€" perhaps econometrics, or international economics.Besides, you may find information on past exams that you’ve not devoted sufficient study time to!Now that you have the materials to do so, you might have a go...Wait... you don’t have the materials yet. Let’s go find past papers now, shall we?Before we divulge where you can find past papers for your upcoming A-Levels ordeal, we have to know which exam you will sit.More specifically, which entity will be administering your exam.Years ago, students of applied economics might have had an advantage over today’s student of economic activity in that the only place for them to find review materials for their exams was at their campus library.Or by engaging in study with tutors of economics...There might have been a few copies of past exams in the reference section that they could copy and take back to their dorms.Or, they could study development economics and political economy in that quiet hall, surrounded by books and other dedicated classmates.Not too long ago, specific examination boards were limited by geography.Each organization administered exams exclusively in their assigned regions. Correspondingly, each institution's department of economics kept copies of those exams for future reference and review, as well as their accompanying syllabi.Since the UK’s Curriculum 2000 education reform initiative, every institute in the UK that administers the AS and A2 tests today may select their exam from any of the five awarding bodies:Edexcel: also known as Pearson-London examiners, the only privately owned examination board in the UKAQA: a registered charity that is government regulated but independently operatedthe qualifications exams and syllabi are under government oversight!OCR: the parent entity of Cambridge International Examina tionsWJEC: established in Wales in 1948, it is now a registered charity providing examinations and educational resourcesCCEA: a non-departmental public body of the Northern Ireland Department of EducationScotland schools deliver career-defining exams to their students as well. They are called Highers and Advanced Highers, and they are administered by SQA, or Scottish Qualifications Authority.As that body is only prevalent in its country of origin, we will focus on the exams more relevant to the greater UK.Most likely, you will be told which exam you will sit, and you might be tempted to review only that awarding body’s archival documents.In light of that, your Superprof mentors urge you to diversify your studies.  Students of yesteryear had no other option than rigorous study at the library Source: Pixabay Credit: KmicicanAQA and Edexcel Economics Past PapersLet’s say you know AQA is your facility’s exam administrator. Naturally, you would want to peruse everything you can of that testing body’s past Economics exams: specimen papers, question papers, the marking schemes and examiner reports.There is absolutely nothing at all wrong with that; the only concern would be that you are keeping your focus intentionally narrow in an attempt to earn high marks on your exam.Isn’t earning high marks the goal of every test taker?Let’s put our point into perspective.These days, there is a lot of criticism levied on schools and teachers because they allegedly limit their instruction and classroom materials to only what is expected to be on the standardised exams.You may know this practice better by its more common name, the phrase teaching to the test.Parents and students alike resent having pupils’ academic curiosity curtailed to the few subjects featured on the exam, and only gaining a limited understanding of the subject matter in question.There is ample empirical evidence that teachers don’t like having to teach to the test, either: they would rather tea ch to students!The end effect is that test takers statistically score better on the exams, but come time to apply their knowledge in real-life situations, they find themselves woefully unequal to the task, and not through their fault.This is what is known as an unintended consequence: a downside or negative by-product of a generally desirable situation.You may run into Campbell’s law, and perhaps even discuss the cobra effect when you learn about unintended consequences within the framework of economics!To avoid such a narrow coursework focus in preparation for your Economics exam, we urge you to take a look at materials provided by other examiners.Besides, those extra examples of past exams would neatly round out your arsenal of revision materials, wouldn’t they?Earlier in this article, we stated that the student of Yore was a lucky one indeed!Not only were all of his test papers in one central location, but they were administered, year after year, by the same entity.You, on th e other hand, could confront any exam from any administrative body come test day, with the possible exception exams from the SQA.Unless you live in Scotland, in which case, that would be your main administrative body.And worse: what if you are up for a resit of your Economics exam and, this time, you will be exposed to OCR’s programme instead of AQA’s?All of the exams are fundamentally the same.Still, some of the questions are formulated a bit differently from one exam to the next, and some exams call for more maths while others don’t want to you to write out any equations or draw any graphs.The aim of reviewing past exam papers is to prepare you to correctly respond to any question, put to you by any entity.Interpreted that way, doesn’t it just make sense to examine all of the materials  available?Spending too much time searching for A-Levels past papers is counterproductive! Source: Pixabay Credit: GraphicMama_teamFinding Edexcel and AQA Past PapersA-Levels exam takers of days past had their search for study materials restricted to their campus resources â€" and possibly tuition from one who might have been in possession of materials from another region.You, on the other hand, have a comparative advantage: a world of knowledge and experience, right at your fingertips!The Internet is a treasure trove of information; all you have to do is ask the right question, and a search for A-Levels Economics past papers reveals a multitude of hits.In response to the laws of supply and demand, the papers  most widely available to study are from Cambridge (the exam administered by OCR, called CIE â€" Cambridge International Exam) because that body has governance over the internationally administered exam.However, if you look carefully, you will also find sites that promote past papers from other awarding bodies.If you know which exam your school favours, you may choose to review it first.You can also find past Edexcel papers, as well as those from AQA and WJEC.You should be aware that some sites attach additional services for your consumption, usually for a fee. The site Marked by Teachers is a case in point and, even though their prices are very reasonable, why would you pay for something that is available elsewhere for free?On a more positive note, there are plenty of sites that offer a virtual economics tutor via  tutoring and practice exercises, along with other A-Level revision material.One other aspect of past papers you should be aware: all that we found are in PDF format. If you do not already have it, you should download the Adobe reader â€" no worries, its free!Now that you’re all set, you can find all of the past papers you need in this table.Site NameWeb Address (please copy and paste into your browser)AQA past papershttp://www.aqa.org.uk/subjects/business-subjects/gcse/business-subjects-and-economics-4130/past-papers-and-mark-schemesOCR past papershttps://revisionworld.com/a2-level-level-revision/economics-level-revision/econom ics-level-past-papers/ocr-level-economics-past-papersEdexcel past papershttps://revisionworld.com/a2-level-level-revision/economics-level-revision/economics-level-past-papers/edexcel-level-economics-past-papersWJEC/CBAC past papershttp://www.wjec.co.uk/qualifications/economics/CCEA past papershttp://ccea.org.uk/qualifications/past_papers_mark_schemes/gceSQA past papershttps://www.sqa.org.uk/sqa/48674.html?subject=EconomicsHappy Studies!  Read these reasons for studying economics at A Level!

Science Help Online Enjoy Science Learning with Ease

Science Help Online Enjoy Science Learning with Ease 0SHARESShare Science is a subject that cannot be neglected from the elementary level to the advanced level of education. Hence learning Science with perfect understanding is a necessary factor to accumulate scores and enter advanced levels of study. Still, the fact remains that you need proper tutoring to get into the essence of Science knowledge and pick up the subject concepts and ideas without flaw. Avail Science Help Online to perfect your understanding of the subject. Science Help Online: Take advantage of online resources       Use online  video presentations and audio lectures to learn the concepts well and clarify your doubts Use the live chat facilities with an online tutor to rectify the errors you commit during your homework hours and solve the problems in Chemistry or Physics without struggle Share the whiteboard with   Chemistry Online Tutors while doing Chemistry bonding and   formulas to meet the challenges you face in that  area of study Update your knowledge of the concepts and terminologies in Biology with the help of experts in Biology Online Tutoring. Seek live help while drawing the diagrams and prepping the projects Utilize the calculators and recorded sessions of your tutoring classes to solve any last minute tasks Tutor Pace identifies the difficulties in learning Science as faced by the students and redeems them with proper remedial measures to boost their scores.                                               Get Science Help Online Now! [starbox id=admin]

Free Online College Lectures

Free Online College Lectures This post is being written while listening to Professor Jim Newtons Communication Studies 187: Journalistic Ethics from the University of California Los Angeles for free. The lecture is an hour-long video clip from YouTube. The U.S. News and World Report states that many college professors are uploading their lectures to online sites, extending higher education past students and teachers to all people. Their lectures are publicly available to anyone interested. This trend started in 2001 with the University of California Berkleys launch of webcast.berkley.edu and Massachusetts Institute of Technologys launch of OpenCourseWare. These programs host recorded videos of professors lectures, class notes, syllabi and other useful information. Since 2001, the programs have grown with sites like YouTube EDU, iTunes U, Academic Earth and Open Culture. These programs are creating many new learning opportunities for anyone interested in higher education. Also, students can watch the class lectures as many times as they would like. Professor Newtons Journalistic Ethics lecture is absolutely captivating, edge-of-your-seat, dont-want-to-blink, hope-it-never stops type of captivating. As unlikely and irrational as it may seem, there is the slightest chance that one could doze off and not pay attention to his entire lecture. This student even though one probably does not exist could go back to the class lecture on one of the aforementioned Web sites and watch the class lecture again. Therefore, that student will not be at a disadvantage for the test. Also, if there is a section of the lecture that a student did not quite understand, he/she can watch it again. Students could use the iTunes U program to download class lectures straight to iPods or iPhones. So, instead of being caught singing Party in the USA. with iPod headphones, students can listen to class lectures while driving in their cars or walking around on campus. If people hear you talking to yourself as awkward as that could be at least they will think youre smart. Students are not the only ones to listen to online lectures. Many college professors and high school teachers will use these to improve their classes. Also, these could be great resources for high school students. Free online class lectures will give high school students great insights into what education will be like at that particular college. Online class lectures are as close to actually being in a classroom as one can get. This could even help in the college decision-making process. With online classes, anyone can seemingly take classes at some of the nations elite colleges. However, no credit or degrees will be given in these types of online classes.

Spotting Anxiety in Kids with ADHD

Spotting Anxiety in Kids with ADHD All kids feel anxious sometimes, but many kids with ADHD experience anxiety more frequently and more severely than kids without ADHD. In fact, studies suggest that 30-40% of kids with ADHD also have an anxiety disorder. When kids struggle with anxiety on top of ADHD, it can make it harder for them to succeed at school and develop the social skills that they need to cultivate strong and lasting connections with their classmates and friends. The stimulant medications used to treat ADHD symptoms can also exacerbate anxiety, making these otherwise effective medications difficult to tolerate. Identifying and treating anxiety in kids with ADHD is an important part of an effective intervention plan. While it might seem like spotting anxiety in a child with ADHD would be simple you might expect that he or she would be telling an adult that he or she is nervous, worried, or has butterflies in his or her stomach in reality, the signs of anxiety are often mislabeled by parents, teachers, and pediatricians as worsening ADHD symptoms. This happens in part because kids dont always express their anxiety in the same way as adults. They may not be aware of the anxious thoughts or feelings they are having, and they may lack the more sophisticated language needed to describe complex emotions. On top of this, many of the signs and symptoms of anxiety in kids overlap directly with symptoms of ADHD. Here are some of the key symptoms of anxiety in children: Restlessnes Trouble concentrating Irritability Difficulty sleeping at night Complaints about stomach problems or headaches Excessive worry on most days (that they may or may not talk about with adults) Avoiding certain activities or social situations Many of these symptoms will seem very familiar to any parent or teacher of an ADHD child! Since kids with ADHD often experience restlessness, difficulty sleeping, difficulty concentrating, and even irritability, how can you tell when anxiety might be part of the picture? Here are a few clues that suggest a more thorough anxiety assessment is warranted: Increased difficulty concentrating or increased restlessness. Have you noticed a worsening in your childs concentration problems or restlessness/hyperactivity? This change may be due to a worsening of his or her ADHD symptoms or a decrease in his or her ADHD medications effectiveness. But it could also be a sign that your child has developed anxiety that is interfering with his or her ability to concentrate or sit still. Increased irritability or oppositional behavior. Many kids with ADHD are prone to irritability or oppositional behavior. However, if a child has typically been easy going and this has suddenly changed, or if a child who was previously irritable occasionally is now irritable most of the time, then anxiety may be contributing to the problem. A change in sleep patterns. Many kids with ADHD struggle to fall asleep or stay asleep throughout the night. However, if your child's sleep challenges change (e.g., he or she has always had a hard time falling asleep, but now he or she is also waking up throughout the night), then anxiety may be playing a role. Frequent complaints of stomach aches or headaches. Kids with ADHD don't typically experience stomach aches or headaches more often than kids without ADHD (unless they are experiencing medication side effects). If these complaints persist and their pediatrician cant find a medical cause, then they may be signs of anxiety. Avoiding specific situations, places, or people. Kids with anxiety will try to do just about anything to avoid whatever it is that is triggering their anxiety. For example, if a child is anxious about school he or she may become very oppositional when its time to get out of the house in the morning or he or she may drag his or her feet and get ready as slowly as possible. Some kids might complain that they dont feel well as an avoidance strategy, hoping that they will be able to stay home sick from school. If you think your child may be showing some signs of anxiety, talk to his or her pediatrician. The pediatrician can help you find a provider who can help tease apart your childs symptoms and clarify whether anxiety is in fact part of the picture. The good news is that anxiety is highly treatable, especially in kids. Working with a clinician who can identify anxiety-related problems and provide evidence-based treatments can quickly lead to lasting improvements in your childs symptoms. ABOUT DR. MARY ROONEY Mary Rooney, Ph.D., is a licensed clinical psychologist in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of California San Francisco. Dr Rooney is a researcher and clinician specializing in the evaluation and treatment of ADHD and co-occurring behavioral, anxiety, and mood disorders. A strong advocate for those with attention and behavior problems, Dr. Rooney is committed to developing and providing comprehensive, cutting edge treatments tailored to meet the unique needs of each child and adolescent. Dr. Rooney's clinical interventions and research avenues emphasize working closely with parents and teachers to create supportive, structured home and school environments that enable children and adolescents to reach their full potential. In addition, Dr. Rooney serves as a consultant and ADHD expert to Huntington Learning Centers. ABOUT HUNTINGTON Huntington Learning Center is the tutoring and test prep leader. Its certified tutors provide individualized instruction in reading, phonics, writing, study skills, elementary and middle school math, Algebra through Calculus, Chemistry, and other sciences. It preps for the SAT and ACT, as well as state and standardized exams. Huntington programs develop the skills, confidence, and motivation to help students of all levels succeed and meet the needs of Common Core State Standards. Founded in 1977, Huntington's mission is to give every student the best education possible. Call us today at 1.800.CAN LEARN to discuss how Huntington can help your child. For franchise opportunities please visit www.huntingtonfranchise.com. This website does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The material on this site is provided for educational purposes only.